Signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus and signal to interference power ratio measuring method as well as transmission power controlling method under CDMA communication system

ABSTRACT

The invention provides a technique for measurement of a signal to interference power ratio wherein an SIR can be measured with a higher degree of accuracy without being influenced by a fast fading environment or an inter-station interference or noise environment. A signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus includes a plurality of interference replica signal production sections for performing inverse diffusion processing for input signals originating from a received signal, performing temporary decision of information symbols regarding the input signals, performing diffusion processing again for the input signals and outputting resulting signals as interference replica signals, a plurality of subtractors for subtracting the interference replica signals from the received signal, an interference power detection section for detecting interference power information, a signal power detection section for detecting signal power information, and a signal to interference power ratio calculation section for calculating signal to interference power ratios from the interference power information and the signal power information.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a signal to interference power ratio measuringapparatus and a signal to interference power ratio measuring method aswell as a transmission power controlling method under a CDMAcommunication system suitable for use to effect transmission powercontrol of, for example, a mobile radio communication apparatus,particularly a mobile radio communication apparatus, which adopts CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) which employs a multiple access method.

2. Description of the Related Art

In recent years, attention is paid to, from among transmission systemsfor use for radio communication, a code division multiple access (CDMA)system which is a multiple access system which makes use of a spreadspectrum and exhibits a high frequency utilization efficiency.Particularly, in cellular DS/CDMA (Direct Sequence/Code DivisionMultiple Access) mobile communication, in order to increase thesubscriber capacity while maintaining a required line quality,transmission power control which solves the remote/near problem is animportant technique.

FIG. 9 shows a radio communication system to which an ordinary DS/CDMAcommunication system is applied. Referring to FIG. 9, the radiocommunication system 100 shown includes a base station 101 and aplurality of terminal stations (mobile stations) 102-1 to 102-n (n is anatural number equal to or greater than 2) so that information such asspeech or data is transmitted from the single base station 101 to theplurality of terminal stations 102-1 to 102-n or vice versa.

More particularly, since the CDMA system multiplexes information usingcodes in order to transmit the information from the base station 101 tothe plurality of terminal stations 102-1 to 102-n in FIG. 9, signalsdestined for all of the terminal stations 102-1 to 102-n can betransmitted at the same time with the same frequency.

One of methods for realizing the transmission power control describedabove in the radio communication system shown in FIG. 9 is closed looptransmission power control wherein signal to interference power ratios(SIRs) of received signals from the terminal stations 102-1 to 102-n aremeasured by the base station 101 and the transmission powers of theterminal stations 102-1 to 102-n are controlled so that the valuesthereof may be kept fixed.

Generally, as a signal to interference power ratio measuring method, amethod is known wherein an average received power after RAKE composition(delayed wave composition) is regarded as a received power (S) and adiffusion of the received power is calculated as an interference power(I). It is to be noted that the RAKE composition mentioned above isperformed for delayed waves as a plurality of received waves havingdifferent delay times after they are synchronized with one another andthen inverse diffusion processing and transmission line channelestimation processing are performed.

FIG. 10 shows an SIR measuring apparatus which measures a signal tointerference power ratio (SIR) using the technique described above.Referring to FIG. 10, the SIR measuring apparatus 80 shown includes aquadrant detection section 80A, a vector mean calculation section 80B, asquare calculation section 80C, a mean square calculation section 80D, asubtraction section 80E, and an SIR calculation section 80F.

The quadrant detection section 80A detects a quadrant of a receivedsignal vector after RAKE composition. In particular, the quadrantdetection section 80A effects degeneracy of the received signal vectorto a single quadrant by calculating absolute values of an in-phasecomponent and an orthogonal component of the received signal vectorindividually and so forth.

The vector mean calculation section 80B calculates a vector mean of anoutput of the quadrant detection section 80A, and the square calculationsection 80C calculates a received power (S) from the vector mean valuefrom the vector mean calculation section 80B. The calculated receivedvalue (S) is outputted to the SIR calculation section 80F which isdescribed below.

The mean square calculation section 80D calculates a mean square of thereceived signal after RAKE composition inputted thereto. The subtractionsection 80E subtracts an output of the square calculation section 80Cfrom an output of the mean square calculation section 80D to calculate adiffusion of the received signal. An output of the subtraction section80E is used as an interference power (I).

The SIR calculation section 80F calculates an SIR (S/I ratio) based onan output (S: received power) of the square calculation section 80C andan output (I: interference power) of the subtraction section 80E. Inthis manner, in the SIR measuring apparatus 80 shown in FIG. 10, an SIRis calculated using a mean value of a received signal vector after RAKEcomposition calculated by the vector mean calculation section 80B forboth of a received power and an interference power.

With the SIR measuring technique described above, however, the SIRmeasurement accuracy sometimes exhibits a deterioration under a fastfading environment or under an inter-station interference and noiseenvironment. Therefore, the SIR measurement technique has a subject tobe solved in that, where transmission power control is performed basedon an SIR measured under such a circumstance as just described, suchdeterioration of the SIR measurement accuracy resultantly has aninfluence also upon the accuracy in transmission power control itself.

One of causes which deteriorate the accuracy in SIR measurement residesin that a mean value of a received signal vector is used for both of areceived power (S) and an interference power (I). The received signalpower is unstable because it is varied by a large amount by noise or byan estimation accuracy degree of a transmission line channel. Therefore,in order to assure a high degree of accuracy, it is necessary tocalculate a mean value over a long period.

Further, since also use of a value in a data symbol interval in whichthe transmission line channel is not settled results in deterioration inaccuracy, such a contrivance as to estimate a transmission line channelwith a high degree of accuracy and to use, in order to assure a highdegree of accuracy in SIR measurement, only a value within a pilotsymbol interval is required.

Generally, a pilot symbol is arranged at a leading end and a trailingend of a slot across a plurality of data symbols, and in order toestimate a transmission line channel with a high degree of accuracy, aplurality of pilot symbols are used.

Accordingly, also in this instance, measurement of an SIR must beperformed over a long interval (many slots) including at least two pilotsymbol intervals between which a plurality of data symbols are held, andthis is not suitable for an application in a fast fading environment. Asa result, also a delay not only in SIR measurement but also intransmission power control is increased, and by such delay intransmission power control, the control error is increased and also thereception characteristic is deteriorated considerably.

Meanwhile, in the DS/CDMA communication system described above, also anapplication of an interference canceller which reduces interference fromanother user, which arises from a cross-correlation between diffusioncodes, is an important technique.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a signal tointerference power ratio measuring apparatus and a signal tointerference radio measuring method wherein a signal produced by aninterference canceller is utilized so that an SIR can be measured with ahigher degree of accuracy without being influenced by a fast fadingenvironment or an inter-station interference or noise environment.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a transmissionpower controlling method under a CDMA communication system which caneffect transmission power control with a high degree of accuracy even ina fast fading environment or an inter-station interference or noiseenvironment.

In order to attain the object described above, according to an aspect ofthe present invention, there is provided a signal to interference powerratio measuring apparatus for an apparatus which processes a receivedsignal received based on a CDMA communication system, comprising aplurality of interference replica signal production sections forperforming inverse diffusion processing for input signals originatingfrom the received signal, performing temporary decision of informationsymbols regarding the input signals, performing diffusion processingagain for the input signals after the temporary decision and outputtingresulting signals of the diffusion processing as interference replicasignals, a plurality of subtractors for subtracting the interferencereplica signals produced by the interference replica signal productionsections from the received signal, an interference power detectionsection for detecting interference power information from outputs of thesubtractors, a signal power detection section for detecting signal powerinformation based on the signals which originate from the receivedsignal and for which the inverse diffusion processing has beenperformed, and a signal to interference power ratio calculation sectionfor calculating signal to interference power ratios from theinterference power information detected by the interference powerdetection section and the signal power information detected by thesignal power detection section.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus, sinceinterference power information is detected based on signals obtained bysubtracting, from a received signal, interference replica signalsproduced by an interference canceller for removing interference betweendiffusion codes while signal power information is detected based onsignals obtained by performing inverse diffusion processing for signalsoriginating from the received signal and consequently the interferencepower information and the signal power information can be detectedseparately from each other, there is an advantage that the accuracy inmeasurement of an SIR can be improved.

The signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus may beconstructed such that the signal power detection section detects signalpower information based on signals which are obtained in an intermediateprocessing stage of the interference replica signal production sectionsand for which inverse diffusion processing has been performed.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus, sincesignal power information can be detected based on signals, for whichinverse diffusion processing has been performed, obtained in anintermediate processing stage of the interference replica signalproduction section, even if a data symbol interval is used for SIRmeasurement, a significant deterioration in accuracy does not occur, andeven in a fast fading environment, a high degree of accuracy inmeasurement of an SIR can be maintained. Accordingly, SIR measurementcan be performed with a reduced amount of delay, and as a result, thetransmission power control can follow up such a fast fading environmentas described above.

As an alternative, the signal to interference power ratio measuringapparatus may be constructed such that the signal power detectionsection detects signal power information based on signals obtained byinverse diffusion processing for the outputs of the subtractors.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus, sincesignal power information and interference power information can beseparated with certainty from a received signal by repeating processingof detecting signals of all users from the received signal andsubtracting all of the thus produced interference replica signals fromthe received signal, the SIR measurement accuracy can be improvedremarkably, and consequently, the accuracy in transmission power controlfor the mobile stations can be improved remarkably.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provideda signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus for a basestation which processes a received signal received based on a CDMAcommunication system, comprising a plurality of interference replicasignal production sections provided in tandem for performing inversediffusion processing for input signals originating from the receivedsignal, performing temporary decision of information symbols regardingthe input signals, performing diffusion processing again for the inputsignals after the temporary decision and outputting resulting signals ofthe diffusion processing as interference replica signals, a plurality ofsubtractors each provided on the output side of a corresponding one ofthe interference replica signal production sections for subtracting theinterference replica signals produced by the interference replica signalproduction sections from the received signal for which delayingprocessing has been performed, an interference power detection sectionfor detecting interference power information from outputs of thesubtractors, a signal power detection section for detecting signal powerinformation based on signals which are obtained in an intermediateprocessing stage of an arbitrary one of the interference replica signalproduction sections and for which the inverse diffusion processing hasbeen performed, and a signal to interference power ratio calculationsection for calculating signal to interference power ratios from theinterference power information detected by the interference powerdetection section and the signal power information detected by thesignal power detection section.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus, sinceinterference power information is detected based on signals obtained bysubtracting, from a received signal, interference replica signalsproduced by an interference canceller for removing interference betweendiffusion codes while signal power information is detected based onsignals obtained by performing inverse diffusion processing for signalsoriginating from the received signal and consequently the interferencepower information and the signal power information can be detectedseparately from each other, there is an advantage that the accuracy inmeasurement of an SIR can be improved.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus for abase station which processes a received signal received based on a CDMAcommunication system, comprising a plurality of interference replicasignal production sections provided in tandem for performing inversediffusion processing for input signals originating from the receivedsignal, performing temporary decision of information symbols regardingthe input signals, performing diffusion processing again for the inputsignals after the temporary decision and outputting resulting signals ofthe diffusion processing as interference replica signals, a plurality ofsubtractors each provided on the output side of a corresponding one ofthe interference replica signal production sections for subtracting theinterference replica signals produced by the interference replica signalproduction sections from the received signal for which delayingprocessing has been performed, a reception section for receiving anoutput of one of the subtractors in the last stage as an input signalthereto and performing inverse diffusion processing for the inputsignal, an interference power detection section for detectinginterference power information from the output of the one of thesubtractors in the last stage, a signal power detection section fordetecting signal power information based on the signal obtained by thereception section, and a signal to interference power ratio calculationsection for calculating signal to interference power ratios from theinterference power information detected by the interference powerdetection section and the signal power information detected by thesignal power detection section.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus, sincesignal power information and interference power information can beseparated with certainty from a received signal by repeating processingof detecting signals of all users from the received signal andsubtracting all of the thus produced interference replica signals fromthe received signal, the SIR measurement accuracy can be improvedremarkably, and consequently, the accuracy in transmission power controlfor the mobile stations can be improved remarkably.

According to a still further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a signal to interference power ratio measuring method for anapparatus which processes a received signal received based on a CDMAcommunication system, comprising the steps of detecting interferencepower information based on signals obtained by subtracting, from thereceived signal, interference replica signals produced by aninterference canceller for removing interference between diffusioncodes, detecting signal power information based on signals obtained byperforming inverse diffusion processing for signals originating from thereceived signal, and calculating signal to interference power ratiosfrom the interference power information and the signal powerinformation.

With the signal to interference power ratio measuring method, sinceinterference power information is detected based on signals obtained bysubtracting, from a received signal, interference replica signalsproduced by an interference canceller for removing interference betweendiffusion codes while signal power information is detected based onsignals obtained by performing inverse diffusion processing for signalsoriginating from the received signal and consequently the interferencepower information and the signal power information can be detectedseparately from each other, there is an advantage that the accuracy inmeasurement of an SIR can be improved.

According to a yet further aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a transmission power controlling method for a CDMAcommunication system used for communication between a base station and aplurality of mobile stations, comprising the steps performed by the basestation of detecting interference power information based on signalsobtained by subtracting, from a received signal received by the basestation, interference replica signals produced by an interferencecanceller for removing interference between diffusion codes, detectingsignal power information based on signals obtained by performing inversediffusion processing for signals originating from the received signal,calculating signal to interference power ratios from the interferencepower information and the signal power information, and controllingtransmission powers of the base stations so that the signal tointerference power ratios may have a predetermined value.

With the transmission power controlling method for a CDMA communicationsystem, since the accuracy of SIR values is improved by calculating theSIR values from interference power information and signal powerinformation obtained from outputs of the interference canceller, thereis an advantage that the transmission powers of the mobile stations canbe controlled using the SIR values and, also in a noise environment oran inter-station interference condition when a large number of userscommunicate at a time, improvement in transmission power controlcharacteristic can be achieved while maintaining a necessary linequality.

Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description when read inconjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like parts orelements are denoted by like reference characters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a construction of a radiocommunication system to which a signal to interference power ratiomeasuring apparatus according to a first preferred embodiment of thepresent invention is applied:

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an interference canceller and a signalto interference power ratio calculation section of the signal tointerference power ratio measuring apparatus of the first embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an internal construction of aninterference replica signal production section of the interferencecanceller shown in FIG. 2:

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a concrete example of various elementsused in a simulation performed by the signal to interference power ratiomeasuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1:

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of simulation performed bythe signal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus shown in FIG.1:

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an interference canceller and a signalto interference power ratio calculation section of a signal tointerference power ratio measuring apparatus according to a secondpreferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a construction of an interferencereplica signal production section of the signal to interference powerratio measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of thepresent invention:

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an internal construction of areception section of the signal to interference power ratio measuringapparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration showing a radio communication systemto which an ordinary DS/GDMA communication system is applied; and

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a construction of a n SIR measuringapparatus which measures a signal to interference power ratio using asignal after RAKE composition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

a. First Embodiment of the Invention

Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown in block diagram aconstruction of a radio communication system to which a signal tointerference power ratio measuring apparatus according to a firstpreferred embodiment of the present invention is applied. The radiocommunication system 110 shown applies a DS/CDMA communication systemand includes a mobile station 50 provided for each user and a basestation 60 which can accommodate a plurality of such mobile stations 50through radio lines.

The base station 60 includes an interference canceller 61 and an SIRcalculation section 62 which form the signal to interference power ratiomeasuring apparatus 120 according to the first embodiment. The basestation 60 further includes a decoder 63, a transmission frameproduction section 64 and a comparison circuit 65.

The interference canceller 61 has a function of removing interferencebetween diffusion codes which arises when mobile stations are out ofsynchronism with each other and another function of measuringinterference powers (I) and received powers (S) which will behereinafter described.

The SIR calculation section (signal to interference power ratiocalculation section) 62 calculates signal to interference power ratios(SIR) from interference powers and received powers calculated by theinterference canceller 61 described above. Meanwhile, the decoder 63decodes a signal which has been processed by the interference canceller61. It is to be noted that the interference canceller 61. SIRcalculation section 62 and decoder 63 form a reception section 6B whichreceives signals from the mobile stations 50.

The comparison circuit 65 compares an SIR value of each user measured bythe SIR calculation section 62 with an aimed SIR value set in advanceand outputs a result of the comparison as a transmission power controlbit (TPC bit).

The transmission frame production section 64 inserts the TPC bit fromthe comparison circuit 65 into a slot of a transmission frame for eachuser to produce a transmission frame for the user, and the transmissionframes thus produced are transmitted from the base station 60 to themobile stations 50 (individual users). It is to be noted that thetransmission frame production section 64 and comparison circuit 65 forma transmission section 6A which transmits signals from the base station60 to the mobile stations 50.

Each of the mobile stations (terminal stations) 50 includes a modulator51, a transmission amplifier 52, a decoder 53 and a RAKE demodulationsection 54. The modulator 51 performs modulation processing for data inthe mobile station 50. The transmission amplifier 52 amplifies andoutputs an output of the modulator 51 to the base station 60 and isadjusted by the RAKE demodulation section 54 described below. It is tobe noted that the modulator 51 and transmission amplifier 52 form atransmission section 5A which transmits a signal from the mobile station50 to the base station 60.

The RAKE demodulation section 54 receives a transmission frame outputtedfrom the base station 60 as a reception frame and decodes a TPC bitincluded in the reception frame, and adjusts amplification processing ofa signal by the transmission amplifier 52 based on the decoded TPC bit.

The decoder 53 decodes a signal from the RAKE demodulation section 54.It is to be noted that the decoder 53 and RAKE demodulation section 54construct a reception section 5B.

In this manner, the radio communication system 110 performs transmissionpower control using SIR values obtained based on output values(interference powers (I) and received powers (S)) of the interferencecanceller 61.

In the radio communication system 110 shown in FIG. 1 and having theconstruction described above, SIR values of the individual usersmeasured by the interference canceller 61 are compared with an aimed SIRvalue by the comparison circuit 65, and results of the comparison areinserted as transmission power bits (TPC bits) into slots oftransmission frames for the individual users and transmitted from thebase station 60 to the mobile stations 50.

Then, in each of the mobile stations 50 disposed for the individualusers, a transmission frame from the base station 60 is received as areceived frame and a TPC bit included in the received frame is decodedby the RAKE demodulation section 54, and a result of the decoding isoutputted to the transmission amplifier 52. The transmission amplifier52 adjusts the output thereof in response to the TPC bit from the RAKEdemodulation section 54.

In particular, a transmission signal from the modulator 51 is amplifiedwith a desired amplification factor and transmitted to the base station60. Consequently, received SIR values of all of the users can becontrolled from the base station 60 side so that they may be equal tothe aimed SIR value, and a required line quality is maintained.

FIG. 2 shows in block diagram the interference canceller 61 and the SIRcalculation section 62 which form the signal to interference power ratiomeasuring apparatus 120 according to the first embodiment. Referring toFIG. 2, the interference canceller 61 shown includes interferencereplica production units 1-1 to 1-n, subtractors 2-1 to 2-n, aninterference power measurement section 3, a receiver 4, and delaycircuits 5-1 to 5-n.

The interference replica production unit 1-i, subtractor 2-i and delaycircuit 5-i (i=natural number from 1 to n) construct an ith stagecalculation unit, and consequently, totalling n stage calculation unitsare constructed while a last stage calculation unit is constructed fromthe receiver 4. It is to be noted that, in FIG. 2, the interferencereplica production units 1-3 to 1-n, subtractors 2-3 to 2-n and delaycircuits 5-3 to 5-n are omitted for simplified illustration.

The interference replica production unit (interference replica signalproduction section) 1-i a first performs inverse diffusion processingfor an input signal originating from a received signal and then performstemporary decision of an information symbol from the input signal,whereafter it performs diffusion processing again and outputs a resultof the diffusion processing as interference replica signals. Suchinterference replica production units 1-1 to 1-n are provided in tandem.

In particular, adjacent ones of the interference replica productionunits 1-i (i-1th and ith stage interference replica production units)are connected to each other so as to form a multi-stage typeinterference canceller. Further, symbol replica signals are outputtedfrom each of the interference replica production units 1-i (exceptinterference replica production unit 1-n) to a next stage interferencereplica production unit 1-(i+1), and symbol replica signals from theinterference replica production unit 1-n are outputted to the receiver4.

It is to be noted that each of the interference replica production units1-i has a number of units (ICU users) 1-1-1 to 1-1-n . l-n-l to 1-n-n(hereinafter referred to as 1-1-i, 1-n-i) equal to the number of users(number of mobile stations 50) which can be accommodated in the basestation 60. The interference replica signals outputted from eachinterference replica production unit 1-i represent a sum total ofinterference replica signals from the units corresponding to theindividual users. A detailed construction of the interference replicaproduction units 1-i is hereinafter described in detail with referenceto FIG. 3.

The subtractor 2-i subtracts interference replica signals produced bythe interference replica id production unit 1-i from an originalreceived signal. More particularly, the subtractor 2-i subtractsinterference replica signals from the interference replica productionunit 1-i from an output of the delay circuit 5-i which will behereinafter described, and is provided on the output side of theinterference replica production unit 1-i. An output of the subtractor2-i is outputted as a residual signal (signal originating from areceived signal) to a next stage.

The interference power measurement section (interference power detectionsection) 3 detects interference powers (I) from an output of thesubtractor 2-i. In the first embodiment, the interference powermeasurement section 3 detects interference powers (I) from a residualsignal outputted from the second stage subtractor 2-2. The interferencepowers (I) are outputted to the SIR calculation section 62.

The receiver (reception section) 4 receives, as input signals thereto,outputs of the subtractor 2-n provided on the output side of the nthstage (last stage) interference replica production unit 1-n and performsinverse diffusion processing for the input signals. More particularly,the receiver 4 performs Viterbi decoding of the input signals using asignal after RAKE composition. Further, the receiver 4 is provided asthe last stage of the interference canceller 61 as described above, andalso the receiver 4 includes a number of reception units (Rec users) 4-1to 4-n equal to the number of the users.

The delay circuit (Delay) 5-i delays an input signal thereto originatingfrom a received signal by a predetermined time and has an outputconnected to the subtractor 2-i described above. The subtractor 2-i thussubtracts the delay signal from an interference replica signal asdescribed above.

In short, a residual signal from the subtractor 2-i is a difference ofall signal components of all of the users from a received signal andcorresponds to an interference component signal.

Here, a construction of the units 1-1-i, . . . 1-n-i for the individualusers shown in FIG. 2 is described in detail below in connection withthe unit 1-2-i. In particular, the unit 1-2-i includes, for example, asshown in FIG. 3, an inverse diffusion processing section 10, an adder11, a channel estimation circuit 12, a multiplier 13, a RAKE compositionsection 14, a hard decision circuit 15, another multiplier 16, asubtractor 17, a re-diffusion processing section 18, a signalcomposition section 19 and a received power measurement section 20.

It is to be noted that processing of the inverse diffusion processingsection 10, adder 11, channel estimation circuit 12 and multiplier 13and processing of the multiplier 16, subtractor 17 and re-diffusionprocessing section 18 mentioned above are performed for a plurality ofdelayed waves, and to this end, a number of elements equal to the numberof delayed waves are provided for each of the components (in FIG. 3, 3units corresponding to three delayed waves are individually provided).The number of such units to be installed can be suitably varied inaccordance with requirements for measurement.

Further, while the interference replica production unit 1-i shown inFIG. 3 indicates one of the units 1-2-1 to 1-2-n for a plurality ofusers provided in the second stage interference replica production unit1-2, for simplified description, the following detailed description isgiven of the interference replica production unit 1-2 as suchinterference replica production unit 1-i.

Each of the inverse diffusion processing sections 10 performs inversediffusion processing for an input signal originating from a receivedsignal. Particularly, the inverse diffusion processing section 10performs inverse diffusion processing for a signal (residual signal)outputted from the first stage interference replica production unit 1-1and received through the subtractor 2-1. In this instance, the inversediffusion processing section 10 converts the received residual signalinto a symbol rate.

Each adder 11 adds a signal obtained by inverse diffusion processing bythe corresponding inverse diffusion processing section 10 and a signal(symbol replica signal) outputted from the interference replicaproduction unit 1-1 in the preceding stage.

Each channel estimation circuit 12 estimates a transmission line channelusing a pilot symbol of a signal inputted thereto. Particularly, thechannel estimation circuit 12 performs such estimation using only apilot symbol at a leading end of a slot. Consequently, the first andsecond stage units 1-1-i and 1-2-i yield a processing delay of onlyseveral symbols, and the processing delay until an SIR is measured canbe minimized.

It is possible otherwise to perform transmission line channel estimationwith a higher degree of accuracy using a pilot symbol at a trailing endof the slot in the third and following stages so that characteristicdeterioration of the interference canceller 61 itself may be suppressed.

Each multiplier 13 multiplies an output of the corresponding adder 11 bya complex conjugate of an estimated channel value from the correspondingchannel estimation circuit 12.

The RAKE composition section 14 performs maximum ratio composition(composition processing by which a maximum SIR is obtained) from delayedwave outputs of the multipliers 13 described above. The hard decisioncircuit 15 performs temporary decision of an information symbol. Moreparticularly, the hard decision circuit 15 decides rough positions ofsignals of the interference replica production unit 1-2 based on asignal obtained by maximum ratio composition by the RAKE compositionsection 14.

The received power measurement section (signal power detection section)20 detects received powers (S) based on a signal obtained by performinginverse diffusion processing for signals originating from a receivedsignal. More particularly, the received power measurement section 20detects received powers (S) based on an inverse diffusion processedsignal obtained in an intermediate processing stage (in the firstembodiment, in the second stage) of an arbitrary one of the interferencereplica production units 1-i. The received powers (S) thus detected areoutputted to the SIR calculation section 62.

In short, since received powers (S) detected by the received powermeasurement section 20 and interference powers (I) detected by theinterference power measurement section 3 described above can be detectedseparately from each other, SIR values can be calculated with a highdegree of accuracy by the SIR calculation section 62.

It is to be noted that each of the received powers (S) described aboveare detected by calculating a square mean of an output of the RAKEcomposition section 14 so that a significant deterioration in accuracydoes not occur even if a data symbol interval is used for SIRmeasurement. Accordingly, not only a high degree of accuracy of an SIRcan be maintained even in a fast fading environment, but also SIRmeasurement can be performed with a smaller amount of delay, and as aresult, the transmission power control characteristic can be improved.

Further, an output (temporary decision value) of the hard decisioncircuit 15 is divided at the multipliers 16 so that it may thereafter beprocessed along paths for the individual delayed waves, and each of themultipliers 16 shown in FIG. 3 multiplies the output of the harddecision circuit 15 by an output (estimated channel value) of thecorresponding channel estimation circuit 12. An output of the multiplier16 is connected to the corresponding subtractor 17 described below.Further, the outputs of the multipliers 16 are outputted also as symbolreplica signals (hard decision results), which have been decomposed forthe individual paths prior to re-diffusion, to the unit 1-3-i in thenext stage corresponding to the unit 1-2-i. Each subtractor 17subtracts, from an output of the corresponding multiplier 16, acorresponding symbol replica signal produced by the preceding stage unit1-1-i corresponding to the unit 1-2-i.

Each re-diffusion processing section 18 performs re-diffusion processingfor an output of the corresponding subtractor 17. The signal compositionsection 19 performs composition of outputs of the re-diffusionprocessing sections 18. An output of the signal composition section 19is outputted as an interference replica signal to the subtractor 2-2.

Consequently, the subtractor 2-2 subtracts interference replica signalsfrom the individual users from an output of the delay circuit 5-2 andoutputs a result of the subtraction to the next stage, that is, to thethird stage.

Accordingly, in the first embodiment, received powers (S) andinterference powers (I) can be separated with certainty from a receivedsignal by repetitively subtracting interference replica signals producedfrom input signals originating from the received signal from thereceived signal in each stage. Further, since the transmission powers ofthe mobile stations 50 of the individual users can be controlled so thatthe measured SIR values may be the predetermined value, a necessary linequality can be maintained.

It is to be noted that the units 1-1-i, 1-3-i, . . . , 1-n-i in theother stages have a basically similar construction to that of the unit1-2-i except that they do not include the received power measurementsection 20. Further, the adder 11 and the subtractor 17 need not beprovided in the first stage interference replica production units 1-1since the first stage interference replica production units 1-1 does notreceive symbol replica signals as inputs thereto. However, where theadder 11 and the subtractor 17 are provided otherwise, they add andsubtract "0".

Further, while, in the first embodiment, the second stage unit 1-2-imeasures received powers, the received power measurement processing mayalternatively be performed by the first stage unit 1-1-i.

In the radio communication system 110 to which the SIR measuringapparatus 120 according to the first embodiment of the present inventionhaving the construction described above is applied, when a signal fromeach mobile station 50 is received, the received signal is inputted tothe delay circuit 5-1 and the first stage interference replicaproduction unit 1-1 in the interference canceller 61 as seen in FIGS. 1and 2.

Thereafter, an interference replica signal and a symbol replica signalfor each user are produced by the unit 1-1-i of the first stageinterference replica production unit 1-1, and all of the interferencereplica signals produced for the individual users are outputted to thesubtractor 2-1. Then, the interference replica signals are subtractedfrom an output of the delay circuit 5-1 by the subtractor 2-1, and aresult of the subtraction processing is outputted as a residual signalfrom the subtractor 2-1 to the units 1-2-i of the second stageinterference replica production units 1-2. Meanwhile, also the symbolreplica signals from the individual units 1-1-i are outputted tocorresponding ones of the units 1-2-i of the second stage interferencereplica production unit 1-2.

Further, in the second stage, when the residual signal from thesubtractor 2-1 in the preceding stage is inputted, interference replicasignals and symbol replica signals are produced similarly by theindividual units 1-2-i of the interference replica production unit 1-2,and received powers (S) of the individual users are detected by thereceived power measurement sections 20.

The processing of the interference replica production units 1-2 in thisinstance is described below with reference to FIG. 3.

In particular, in the unit 1-2-i, the inverse diffusion processingsections 10 perform inverse diffusion processing for signals(interference replica signals) from the first stage interference replicaproduction unit 1-1 obtained through the subtractor 2-1, and the adders11 add the thus inverse diffusion processed signals and symbol replicasignals from the unit 1-1-i corresponding to the unit 1-2-i, whereafterthe channel estimation circuits 12 estimates transmission line channels.

Thereafter, the multipliers 13 multiply outputs of the adders 11 by acomplex conjugate to the estimated channel value, and the RAKEcomposition section 14 performs maximum ratio composition. Then, thereceived power measurement section 20 measures received powers (S) fromthe maximum ratio composition output of the RAKE composition section 14by square mean calculation and outputs the thus measured received powers(S) to the SIR calculation section 62.

In the meantime, the output of the RAKE composition section 14 istemporarily decided by the hard decision circuit 15, and the temporarilydecided signal and the estimated channel values from the channelestimation circuit 12 are multiplied by the multipliers 16. Then,resulting values are outputted as symbol replica signals to the thirdstage interference replica production unit 1-3.

Further, the subtractors 17 subtract the symbol replica signals from thefirst stage from the outputs of the multipliers 16, and the re-diffusionprocessing sections 18 perform re-diffusion processing for outputs ofthe subtractors 17. Then, outputs of the re-diffusion processingsections 18 are composed by the signal composition section 19 andoutputted as an interference replica signal to the subtractor 2-2.

Thereafter, the subtractor 2-2 receives the interference replica signalfrom the subtractor 2-1 after it is delayed by the delay circuit 5-2 andreceives interference replica signals from the units 1-2-1 to 1-2-ncorresponding to all users. Then, the subtractors 2-2 subtracts a sumtotal of the interference replica signals from the units 1-2-1 to 1-2-nfrom the interference replica signal from the subtractor 2-1 and outputsa resulting value as a residual signal to the third stage interferencereplica production unit 1-3.

Further, the interference power measurement section 3 detectsinterference powers (I) based on the residual signal outputted from thesubtractor 2-2 and outputs the interference powers (I) to the SIRcalculation section 62. Thereafter, the SIR calculation section 62measures SI ratio information of the individual users from the receivedpowers (S) from the received power measurement section 20 and theinterference powers (I) from the interference power measurement section3.

The comparison circuit 65 compares the SIR values measured by the SIRcalculation section 62 described above with an aimed SIR value andtransmits a result of the comparison through the transmission frameproduction section 64 to effect transmission power control of eachmobile station 50.

Further, also in each of the third and following stages, similarly as inthe stage described above, interference replica signals produced frominput signals originating from the received signal are repetitivelysubtracted from the received signal. Then, the receiver 4 as the laststage performs inverse diffusion processing for interference replicasignals from the last stage 1-n, and the decoder 63 decodes signals ofthe individual users from the mobile stations 50.

Here, a detailed corroborative example (simulation) of the function ofthe SIR measuring apparatus 120 of the first embodiment described aboveis described. In the simulation, closed loop control wherein thetransmission powers of the mobile stations 50 are controlled with a stepof a slot period ±1 dB so that the measured SIR values may become equalto the aimed SIR set in advance is performed. It is to be noted that thesimulation is performed based on such various elements as illustrated inFIG. 4, and here, the number of users is set to 32.

Further, in a system of the simulation, a multistage type interferencecanceller of three stages is used, and two interference replicaproduction units 1-1 and 1-2 are connected in tandem while a receiver 4is provided in the third stage (last stage) next to the stage of theinterference replica production unit 1-2.

Further, SIR values are measured based on received powers (S: signalpower information) obtained by averaging signal powers after RAKEcomposition by the second stage interference replica production unit 1-2over one slot and interference powers (I: interference powerinformation) obtained by averaging a residual signal similarly over oneslot.

Furthermore, since channel estimation by the interference replicaproduction unit 1-i is performed using a pilot symbol at a leading endof a slot, a processing delay of only several symbols is provided up tothe second stage, but since the receiver 4 in the last stage performschannel estimation with a high degree of accuracy using also a pilotsymbol at a trailing end of the slot, a delay longer than 1 slot iscaused.

In particular, when a received power (S) is measured by the interferencereplica production unit 1-2 in the second stage, a delay (TPC delay)caused by transmission power control is 1 Tp (Tp: pilot period), andwhen the received power (S) is measured by the receiver 4 in the laststage, the TPC delay is 2 Tp.

FIG. 5 illustrates TPC errors and SIR control errors with respect to thenormalized fading frequency (fdTp) and indicates characteristics ("∘","") where the TPC delay is 1 Tp and characteristics ("□", "▪") wherethe TPC delay is 2 Tp when the SIR measuring apparatus 120 of theconstruction of the third stage shown in FIG. 2 is used andcharacteristics (".increment.", "▴") when the SIR measurement techniquedescribed hereinabove with reference to FIG. 10 is used.

It is to be noted that the TPC errors (refer to an arrow mark A of FIG.5) denote standard deviations of the received powers from an ideal TPC,and the SIR control errors (refer to another arrow mark B of FIG. 5)denote standard deviations of the received SIR from an aimed SIR.

Where the SIR measurement technique described hereinabove with referenceto FIG. 10 was employed, an SIR was measured using a mean value of areceived signal after RAKE composition by the second stage interferencereplica production unit 1-2 over one slot interval as a received power(S) and using a diffusion as an interference power (I). Further, for theindividual cases, calculation was performed setting the aimed SIR sothat the average error rate might be 1×10⁻³ when fdTp is 0.05.

As a result, it was found that the TPC error and the SIR control errorexhibit superior values where the SIR measuring apparatus 120 having the3 stage construction shown in FIG. 3 is used and the TPC delay is set to1 Tp ("∘", ""), and consequently, it can be said that the conditions inthis instance can be applied to a fast fading environment. Accordingly,from this result of the simulation, it is apparent that reduction intransmission power can be achieved by decreasing the delay time.

In this manner, according to the first embodiment of the presentinvention, since interference powers (I) are detected based on signalsobtained by subtracting, from a received signal, interference replicasignals produced by the interference canceller 61 for removinginterference between diffusion codes while received powers (S) aredetected based on signals obtained by performing inverse diffusionprocessing for signals originating from the received signal andconsequently the interference powers (I) and the received powers (S) canbe detected separately from each other, there is an advantage that theaccuracy in measurement of an SIR can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, since the accuracy of SIRvalues is improved by calculating the SIR values from interferencepowers (I) and received power (S) obtained from outputs of theinterference canceller 61, there is an advantage that the transmissionpowers of the mobile stations 50 can be controlled using the SIR valuesand, also in a noise environment or an inter-station interferencecondition when a large number of users communicate at a time,improvement in transmission power control characteristic can be achievedwhile maintaining a necessary line quality.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, since received powers(S) can be detected based on signals, for which inverse diffusionprocessing has been performed, obtained in an intermediate processingstage of the interference replica production units 1-i, even if a datasymbol interval is used for SIR measurement, a significant deteriorationin accuracy does not occur, and even in a fast fading environment, ahigh degree of accuracy in measurement of an SIR can be maintained.Accordingly, SIR measurement can be performed with a reduced amount ofdelay, and as a result, the transmission power control can follow upsuch a fast fading environment as described above.

b. Second Embodiment of the Invention

FIG. 6 shows in block diagram a construction of a signal to interferencepower ratio measuring apparatus according to a second preferredembodiment of the present invention. As the signal to interference powerratio measuring apparatus (SIR measuring apparatus) 130 shown in FIG. 6includes an interference canceller 61A and an SIR calculation section62.

The interference canceller 61A includes, similarly as in the firstembodiment described hereinabove, interference replica production units1-i, subtractors 2-i, an interference power measurement section 3A, areceiver 4A and delay circuits 5-i. In particular, also each of theinterference replica production units 1-i in the present secondembodiment includes a number of, for example, such units 1-1-i, . . . ,1-n-i as shown in FIG. 7 equal to the number of users which can beaccommodated in the base station 60.

The units 1-1-i, . . . , 1-n-i shown in FIG. 7 are similar inconstruction and function to the interference replica production units1-2 shown in FIG. 3 except that they do not include the received powermeasurement section 20 which is provided between the RAKE compositionsection 14 and the hard decision circuit 15 in the interference replicaproduction unit 1-2 of FIG. 3.

The interference power measurement section 3A detects interference powerinformation (I) from outputs of the subtractor 2-i. Particularly, in theinterference canceller 61A shown in FIG. 6, the interference powermeasurement section 3A detects interference power information from anoutput of the subtractor 2-n in the nth stage (last stage).

The receiver (reception section) 4A receives, as input signals thereto,outputs (residual signals) of the subtractor 2-n provided on the outputside of the interference replica production unit 1-n in the nth stage(last stage) and performs inverse diffusion processing for the residualsignals, and is provided as the last stage of the interference canceller61A. Outputs of the receiver 4A are outputted to and decoded by thedecoder 63.

Also the receiver 4A includes a number of reception units 4A-1 to 4A-n(Rec users) equal to the number of users. Each of the reception units4A-1 to 4A-n includes, as shown in FIG. 8, inverse diffusion processingsections 10, adders 11, channel estimation circuits 12, multipliers 13,a RAKE composition section 14 and a received power measurement section21. It is to be noted that description of common or similar componentsin the second embodiment to those in the first embodiment is omittedhere to avoid redundancy.

The received power measurement section (signal power detection section)21 detects received powers (S) based on signals, for which inversediffusion processing has been performed, obtained in the receiver 4A andparticularly detects received powers (S) from an output of the RAKEcomposition section 14. In particular, in the second embodiment, thereceived power measurement section 21 is provided in the receiver 4A,and received powers (S) detected by the received power measurementsection 21 are outputted to the SIR calculation section 62.

More particularly, in the interference replica production units 1-i ofthe interference canceller 61A, as the stages are passed successively,signal components are decomposed from a residual signal (theinterference power I decreases), and consequently, received signalcomponents can be detected with a higher degree of accuracy (the signalpower S increases). Accordingly, from the interference canceller 61A inthe second embodiment, a very accurate interference signal component canbe obtained.

Consequently, in the second embodiment, the interference powermeasurement section 3A measures interference powers (I) and measuresreceived powers (S) from the received power measurement section 21 ofthe receiver 4A, and then measures SI ratios from the interferencepowers and the received powers

In the SIR measuring apparatus 130 according to the second embodiment ofthe present invention having the construction described above, ifsignals from the mobile stations 50 are received, then interferencereplica signals and symbol replica signals are produced from thereceived signals by the interference replica production units 1-i, delaycircuits 5-i and subtractors 2-i installed in the ith stages in theinterference canceller 61A.

Then, interference powers (I) are detected from interference replicasignals outputted from the nth stage by the interference powermeasurement section 3A in the last stage, and received powers (S) aredetected from the interference replica signals and the symbol replicasignals described above by the receiver 4A. It is to be noted that theother outputs of the receiver 4A are outputted to the decoder 63 so thatthe signals from the individual users are decoded.

Thereafter, the interference powers (I) and the received powers (S)detected by the interference canceller 61A are outputted to the SIRcalculation section 62, by which SI ratios of the individual users aremeasured.

In this manner, with the second embodiment of the present invention,since received powers (S) and interference powers (I) can be separatedwith certainty from a received signal by repeating the processing ofdetecting signals of all users from the received signal and subtractingall of the thus produced interference replica signals from the receivedsignal, the SIR measurement accuracy can be improved remarkably, andconsequently, the accuracy in transmission power control for the mobilestations 50 can be improved remarkably.

c. Others

While the numbers of stages of the interference canceller 61 or 61A andthe number (n) of users in the embodiments described above in detail aremade equal to each other, the numbers need not necessarily be made equalto each other, and they may naturally be varied in accordance withconditions for installation and so forth.

Further, while the embodiments described in detail above include aparallel type interference canceller which processes signals of aplurality of users simultaneously, the present invention can be appliedalso to an interference canceller of the serial type which performsinterference removing processing serially in order beginning with a userwhich exhibits a comparatively high reception level or an interferencecanceller of the type which includes a combination of interferencecancellers of the serial type and the parallel type.

The present invention is not limited to the specifically describedembodiment, and variations and modifications may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A signal to interference power ratio measuringapparatus for an apparatus which processes a received signal receivedbased on a CDMA communication system, comprising:a plurality ofinterference replica signal production sections for performing inversediffusion processing for input signals originating from the receivedsignal, performing temporary decision of information symbols regardingthe input signals, performing diffusion processing again for the inputsignals after the temporary decision and outputting resulting signals ofthe diffusion processing as interference replica signals; a plurality ofsubtractors for subtracting the interference replica signals produced bysaid interference replica signal production sections from the receivedsignal; an interference power detection section for detectinginterference power information from outputs of said subtractors; asignal power detection section for detecting signal power informationbased on the signals which originate from the received signal and forwhich the inverse diffusion processing has been performed; and a signalto interference power ratio calculation section for calculating signalto interference power ratios from the interference power informationdetected by said interference power detection section and the signalpower information detected by said signal power detection section.
 2. Asignal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said signal power detection section detects signalpower information based on signals which are obtained in an intermediateprocessing stage of said interference replica signal production sectionsand for which inverse diffusion processing has been performed.
 3. Asignal to interference power ratio measuring apparatus as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said signal power detection section detects signalpower information based on signals obtained by inverse diffusionprocessing for the outputs of said subtractors.
 4. A signal tointerference power ratio measuring apparatus for a base station whichprocesses a received signal received based on a CDMA communicationsystem, comprising:a plurality of interference replica signal productionsections provided in tandem for performing inverse diffusion processingfor input signals originating from the received signal, performingtemporary decision of information symbols regarding the input signals,performing diffusion processing again for the input signals after thetemporary decision and outputting resulting signals of the diffusionprocessing as interference replica signals; a plurality of subtractorseach provided on the output side of a corresponding one of saidinterference replica signal production sections for subtracting theinterference replica signals produced by said interference replicasignal production sections from the received signal for which delayingprocessing has been performed; an interference power detection sectionfor detecting interference power information from outputs of saidsubtractors; a signal power detection section for detecting signal powerinformation based on signals which are obtained in an intermediateprocessing stage of an arbitrary one of said interference replica signalproduction sections and for which the inverse diffusion processing hasbeen performed; and a signal to interference power ratio calculationsection for calculating signal to interference power ratios from theinterference power information detected by said interference powerdetection section and the signal power information detected by saidsignal power detection section.
 5. A signal to interference power ratiomeasuring apparatus for a base station which processes a received signalreceived based on a CDMA communication system, comprising:a plurality ofinterference replica signal production sections provided in tandem forperforming inverse diffusion processing for input signals originatingfrom the received signal, performing temporary decision of informationsymbols regarding the input signals, performing diffusion processingagain for the input signals after the temporary decision and outputtingresulting signals of the diffusion processing as interference replicasignals; a plurality of subtractors each provided on the output side ofa corresponding one of said interference replica signal productionsections for subtracting the interference replica signals produced bysaid interference replica signal production sections from the receivedsignal for which delaying processing has been performed; a receptionsection for receiving an output of one of said subtractors in the laststage as an input signal thereto and performing inverse diffusionprocessing for the input signal; an interference power detection sectionfor detecting interference power information from the output of the oneof said subtractors in the last stage; a signal power detection sectionfor detecting signal power information based on the signal obtained bysaid reception section; and a signal to interference power ratiocalculation section for calculating signal to interference power ratiosfrom the interference power information detected by said interferencepower detection section and the signal power information detected bysaid signal power detection section.
 6. A signal to interference powerratio measuring method for an apparatus which processes a receivedsignal received based on a CDMA communication system, comprising thesteps of:detecting interference power information based on signalsobtained by subtracting, from the received signal, interference replicasignals produced by an interference canceller for removing interferencebetween diffusion codes; detecting signal power information based onsignals obtained by performing inverse diffusion processing for signalsoriginating from the received signal; and calculating signal tointerference power ratios from the interference power information andthe signal power information.
 7. A transmission power controlling methodfor a CDMA communication system used for communication between a basestation and a plurality of mobile stations, comprising the stepsperformed by said base station of;detecting interference powerinformation based on signals obtained by subtracting, from a receivedsignal received by said base station, interference replica signalsproduced by an interference canceller for removing interference betweendiffusion codes; detecting signal power information based on signalsobtained by performing inverse diffusion processing for signalsoriginating from the received signal; calculating signal to interferencepower ratios from the interference power information and the signalpower information; and controlling transmission powers of said mobilestations so that the signal to interference power ratios may have apredetermined value.